Question:
If a man is allowed to have more than one wife, then why does Islam prohibit
a woman from having more than one husband?
Answer:
A lot of people, including some Muslims, question the logic of allowing
Muslim men to have more than one spouse while denying the same ‘right’
to women.
Let me first state emphatically, that the foundation of an Islamic society
is justice and equity. Allah has created men and women as equal, but with
different capabilities and different responsibilities. Men and women are
different, physiologically and psychologically. Their roles and responsibilities
are different. Men and women are equal in Islam, but not identical.
Surah Nisa’ Chapter 4 verses 22 to 24 gives the list of women with who
you can not marry and it is further mentions in Surah Nisa’ Chapter 4
verse 24 "Also (prohibited are) women already married"
The following points enumerate the reasons why polyandry is prohibited
in Islam:
- If a man has more than one wife, the parents of the children born
of such marriages can easily be identified. The father as well as the
mother can easily be identified. In case of a woman marrying more than
one husband, only the mother of the children born of such marriages
will be identified and not the father. Islam gives tremendous importance
to the identification of both parents, mother and father. Psychologists
tell us that children who do not know their parents, especially their
father undergo severe mental trauma and disturbances. Often they have
an unhappy childhood. It is for this reason that the children of prostitutes
do not have a healthy childhood. If a child born of such wedlock is
admitted in school, and when the mother is asked the name of the father,
she would have to give two or more names! I am aware that recent advances
in science have made it possible for both the mother and father to be
identified with the help of genetic testing. Thus this point which was
applicable for the past may not be applicable for the present.
- Man is more polygamous by nature as compared to a woman.
- Biologically, it is easier for a man to perform his duties as a husband
despite having several wives. A woman, in a similar position, having
several husbands, will not find it possible to perform her duties as
a wife. A woman undergoes several psychological and behavioral changes
due to different phases of the menstrual cycle.
- A woman who has more than one husband will have several sexual partners
at the same time and has a high chance of acquiring venereal or sexually
transmitted diseases which can also be transmitted back to her husband
even if all of them have no extra-marital sex. This is not the case
in a man having more than one wife, and none of them having extra-marital
sex.
The above reasons are those that one can easily identify. There are probably
many more reasons why Allah, in His Infinite Wisdom, has prohibited polyandry.
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